Thursday, November 20, 2025

5 More Warriors Seek An Audience

 

I have only 6 warriors left to have all 30 classes that are finished for Black Hills Warhammer Quest. Today we show off and paint 5 of them.

Lets start with the class I should have shown off quite a while ago, Assassin. Originally the model I'm using for Outlaw was going to be my Assassin, but when I got to painting it, I felt it better worked for Outlaw, which meant I had to go find a replacement for the Assassin. I again went back to Mordheim for charactor classes, and found Aenur, Sword of the Twilight. He drapes himself in a Cloak and with a dark paint scheme can pull off Assassin quite well.

 

Assassin Paint:
Skin: "Kislev Flesh" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash
Outer Cape: "Kantor Blue" dry brushed with 50/50 mix (Kantor Blue & Scar White)
Inner Cape: "Mephiston Red" /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash
Hair & Boots: "XV-88"  /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash
Metal Bitz:  "Gehenna's Gold" or "Runefang Steel" both /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash


 

 

 
Horns & Toe Claws:  "Screaming Skull" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash 

 

 

 

 

 

Next up Elf Ranger. 

The original Elf Ranger model and rules, never made sense to me. First, why does an Elf Ranger somehow get to be a terrible wizard or a terrible close combat warrior and good at nothing? To me a Ranger should at minimum be good using ranged attacks, most likely a Bow. When I re-wrote our rules for the Elf Ranger, I completely ignored the original rules. My rules for the Ranger is a hybrid close combat Elf that makes descent Ranged attacks. Each time it successfully hits an enemy with a close combat attack, it can make a free shooting attack at an enemy it it not adjacent to, while even pinned. So if now he is a Ranged Elf, the original model (that depicts him using two weapons at once, which even in the original rules he could never do) wouldn't work. So we need a bow wielding Elf that is distinctly different from the regular Warhammer Quest Elf. 

Originally I was going to use the model I have for Elven Bard for the Elf Ranger, but when I saw that model had a Lyre, hidden under his cloak, I had to make that the Bard model. Again we seek Mordheim for another character model. The Kislev Ranger, for an Elf Ranger. With all these models, I shrink them down 67% of normal size. If I left them 33% smaller, many parts would get too skinny, either being difficult to tell what they are suppose to be or so skinny they break easy or don't print correctly. So I them increase the width and depth of each model by 15-25%, depending what looks best. This does make many of my models look a little squashed (shorter but similar width and depth). This Kislev Ranger may suffer from this more then any model before it, as she already had some very "stacked" features.



 

 

 

 

 

 







Elf Ranger Paint:
Skin: "Kislev Flesh" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash
Cape & Loin Cloth: "Mephiston Red" /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash
Hair: "Flash Gitz Yellow"  /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash
Arm Band, Pants, & Corset: "Administratum Grey" dry brushed with "Corax White"
Boots & Top of Quiver: "XV-88"
Bow, Quiver, Arrows: "Catachan Flesh"
Arrow Fletching: "White Scar" /w "Nikilakh Oxide" wash
Metal Bitz:  "Gehenna's Gold" or "Runefang Steel" both /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash

Next up Ex-BloodBowl Player.

So the original Warrior Class book, used Griff Oberwald. I never really cared for that model. The giant eagle on his head is just too silly. I want to stay "oldhammer" style, so I was thinking Mighty Zug! Problem is, I have been unable to find a STL for Mighty Zug. So to hold the position temporarily, I've just printed off a normal human linemen.

Ex-Blood Bowl Player Paint:
Skin: "Kislev Flesh" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash
Helmet, Pants, Gloves: "Kantor Blue" dry brushed with 50/50 mix (Kantor Blue & Scar White)
Left Shoulder Pad: "White Scar" 
Belt: "XV-88"
Boots: "Administratum Grey" /w "Black" Wash
Metal Bitz:  "Gehenna's Gold" or "Runefang Steel" both /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dwarven Runesmith!

So I think this is entirely of our design (Black Hills Warhammer Quest). I could be wrong.

The Runesmith works like a Wizard//Healer. But he prepares his "spells" before setting on an adventure.  As the Runesmith leaves a settlement, he get a number of runes to choose from that he can hand out to the party. These runes last until the next time the party visits a settlement and then the runes fade. The runes can only be applied to Weapons, Helms, Shields, Body Armours, and Cloaks. No item can have more than 3 runes, and no item can have more than one Master Rune. These restrictions include both normal Treasure runes and Rune made by the Runesmith. The Runes available to the Runesmith depend on his level and a random roll. This model is a generic Dwarf Runesmith from 3-4 edition of Warhammer Fantasy Battles, I found the STL on Telegram.



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dwarf Runesmith Paint:
Skin: "Kislev Flesh" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash
Clothes: "Sotek Green" /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash 
Hair & Beard: "Administratum Grey" dry brushed with "Corax White"
Metal Bitz:  "Gehenna's Gold" or "Runefang Steel" both /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash 

Last model for today, Chainsaw Warrior.

 Yes, yes. Ash Williams from Army of Darkness, Evil Dead, etc. I think my partner in crime (Bob the Bobish) found a fan made Chainsaw Warrior for Warhammer Quest, but we did a complete re-write to make it work with our Black Hills Warhammer Quest. He has a Chainsaw and a Boomstick, he has pithy phrases that infuriate enemies and booster allies. The Wizard's Tower is obsessed with him and his chosen one status. I found a few different STL's for Ash Williams, and the model below is mostly one model, with the Chainsaw off a different one.

Chainsaw WarriorPaint:
Skin: "Kislev Flesh" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash
Shirt: "Sotek Green" 
Pants: "XV-88"
Metal Bitz:  "Runefang Steel" /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash 
Hair & Shoes: "Administratum Grey" /w "Black" Wash
Gun Stock & Gun Holster: "Catachan Flesh"


 

 

 

 







The 5 new warriors together.


Only one warrior class left, Amazon. It needs to be printed first than I can paint it. The model has failed to print twice, but I'm confident it should print this time. That leaves 3 were-forms for the Kislevite Shaman, 3 companions for Bretonian Knight, and 17 NPCs to be painted, then I can move onto printing and painting expansion monsters.

I'm up to 48 Warriors & Pals painted, 70 are 3D printed of the 72 needed as of 11/15/25. 

That's all for this post, may your lantern always stay lit.


DeMagic Tutor out.



 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tuesday, November 18, 2025

But what about the animals?

 

So I've hit a wall on playable classes. I'm waiting for the last 6 warriors to get printed. What I do have printed are summons//companions. The Kislevite Shaman has spells for summoning Bear, Dire Bear, Crow Swarm, and Wolves. The Amazon has a companion that changes between Jungle Cat, Monkey, and Snake. So lets knock out some animals.

First up Crow Swarm.

While adding our Sewer Expansion we added Rat Swarm as an enemy. Swarm grants the following ability:

Swarm
Swarms may move through any space even if another model or obstacle happens to be there, moving models out of the way like a large monster. While the swarm is adjacent to its target, the target is considered engulfed, losses Never Pinned,  and can’t break pinning.

Close combat attacks, missile attacks, and spells that come from models other than the Swarm and its engulfed victim, that target either of the two models must roll a D6 to see what models are affected by the action. On a 1-3, both the Swarm and engulfed victim, are affected by the action, and on a 4+ only the intended target is affected. Swarms take up a 2x2 space just like large monsters.

When re-writing the rules for Kislevite Shaman, I added some some summoning spells to the his spell book. I thought summoning Crows would be neat so I added Crow Swarm. Each of the Shaman's summon spells can only be cast once per adventure, and summoning monsters Unsummons any current Summons.

Carrion Feeders
Each time a non-undead model dies adjacent to a Crow Swarm, the Swarm heals D6 wounds (healing up to a maximum of Starting Wounds).

This summon is quite powerful early on, but quickly becomes only a minor distraction at mid to high levels.

The model I found was originally for the board game Zombicide and I found it on Telegram.


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Paint Job is simple. 
Feathers: "Abaddon Black" with "Dawnstone" grey dry brush.
Feet & Legs: "Flash Gits Yellow" /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash
Beaks: "Screaming Skull" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash

The next summon for the Shaman is Wolves:


The Shaman summons between 1-2 wolves, depending on the summoners level and the type of wolf also depends on the level of the Shaman. The wolves are reasonably good through most levels, though at level 8 or higher they die rather fast.

I'm still trying to keep a 3rd-5th edition look, so I'm just using the classic Wolf model from goblin chariots. These models were again found on Telegram.

Paint Job is simple. 
Fur: "Corax White" with "Scar White"
Claws: "Screaming Skull" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash
Tongue: "Mephiston Red"
Teeth: "Scar White"
Mouth, Eyes, Inner Ears, & Nose: "Abaddon Black"

The last animal summon is Bears. 

The Shaman can only ever have one Bear and the type of bear depends on the Shaman's level. The bear is never very dangerous, but can absorb a ton of damage.

I'm not sure where I found these, probably on Yeggi.

 

Paint Job is simple. 

Fur: "Corax White" with "Scar White"
Claws: "Screaming Skull" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash
Tongue: "Mephiston Red"
Teeth: "Scar White"
Mouth, Eyes, Inner Ears, & Nose: "Abaddon Black"


Here is all the summons and both Kislevite Shaman models.

The Amazon has a companion that joins here on missions. Each time she returns to a settlement, she has a chance to make a new companion to replace the current one (or get one if the last one died). It's random which of the 3 she gets and some times she fails to find a companion. The stats of the companion are determined by the level of the Amazon, so the companions get better as the Amazon does.

Jungle Cat. I found this model on Yeggi.


Top Fur: "Kislev Flesh"  /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash
Under Fur: "Kislev Flesh" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash
Ears and Snout: "Scar White"
Stripes, Inner Ears, & Eyes: "Abaddon Black"

Monkey. I think this is a GW model, some times called "Powder Monkey".


Fur: "Catachan Flesh"  /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash
Feather in Hat: "Flash Gits Yellow" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash
Hat: "Mephiston Red"  /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash
Face: "White Scar" /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash
Barrel: "XV-88" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash

 

Snake. This is one of the snakes from Lizardmen Snake swarm.

Top Scales: "Moot Green"
Underbelly: "Flash Gits Yellow" 
Eyes: "White Scar" 


All the Amazon's companions together. Still waiting on the Amazon to successfully print.

I'm up to 43 Warriors & Pals painted, 45 are 3D printed of the 72 needed as of 11/10/25. 

That's all for this post, may your lantern always stay lit.


DeMagic Tutor out.


Thursday, November 6, 2025

Chaos Warriors follow the Dark Gods

 

I've been working slowly through the playable classes, NPCs, summons, and other non-monsters. I still have 6 classes I would like to do first, but alas their miniatures aren't printed yet. So lets move on to the Chaos Warrior's alternate forms.

We made some big changes to the Chaos Warrior. We dropped the "Mark of Chaos" bonus which is simply +1 Luck, and instead when you make your Chaos Warrior, you must choose a Mark for your character. 

You can choose between Khorne, Nurgle, Slaanesh, Tzeentch, and Undivided. Each of these marks gives different bonus, Khorne attack heavy, Nurgle tough, Slaanesh wierd and hard to hit, Tzeentch a spell caster, and Undivided even more randomness.

So we already have a Mark of Undivided model using the classic Chaos Warrior model for Warhammer Quest.


 So since we are going old warhammer miniatures, lets hit up some of those classic Chaos Heroes.

 First up, Khorne.

Khorne Chaos Warrior Paint:
Armour: "Mephiston Red" 
Sword Handle: "XV-88"
Feet: "Kislev Flesh" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash
Horns & Toe Claws:  "Screaming Skull" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash
Metal Bitz:  "Gehenna's Gold" or "Runefang Steel" both /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Then Nurgle:

Nurlge Chaos Warrior Paint:
Armour: "Moot Green" /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash
Sword Handle: "XV-88"
Chaos Warrior's Head & Ropes: "Flash Gitz Yellow" /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash
Zitz on Head: "Mephiston Red"
Severed Head and Wrappings on Sword handle: "Kislev Flesh" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash
Bags:  "Mephiston Red" /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash
Metal Bitz:  "Gehenna's Gold" or "Runefang Steel" both /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Slaanesh:

Slaanesh Chaos Warrior Paint:
Skin: "Corax White" 
Axe Handle: "XV-88"
Axe Grip & Bag: "Mephiston Red"
Masks & Some of Armour: Mix of 50/50  "Sotek Green" & "White Scar"
Rest of Armour: Mix of 50/50  "Emperor's Children Pink" & "White Scar"
Hair Bun #1: "Slayer Orange"  /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash
Hair Bun #2 & Tentacle Tips: "Flash Gitz Yellow"  /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash
Tentacles: Mix of 50/50  "Xereus Purple" & "White Scar"
Metal Bitz:  "Gehenna's Gold" or "Runefang Steel" both /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

And Tzeentch. This is the old Aekold Helbrass model.


 Tzeentch Chaos Warrior Paint:
Skin: "Kislev Flesh" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash
Armour: "Sotek Green" (with rows of "Moot Green", "Flash Gitz Yellow", "Slayer Orange", "Mephiston Red", and "Xereus Purple")
Metal Bitz:  "Gehenna's Gold" or "Runefang Steel" both /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash
Hair: "Corax White" dry brushed over with "White Scar"
Sword Blade: "Sotek Green" dry brushed over with a mix (50/50  "Sotek Green" & "White Scar")

Flame on sword is "Flash Gits Yellow" to "Slayer Orange" to "Mephiston Red", with 50/50 mix between each transition.

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 And here is all 5 Chaos Warrior options together:


 

I'm up to 35 Warriors & Pals painted, 45 are 3D printed of the 72 needed as of 11/5/25. 

That's all for this post, may your lantern always stay lit.


DeMagic Tutor out.

 








Wednesday, October 29, 2025

Some Heroes lost in the Woods

 

On October 8th, I posted another poll on what to paint next. The results were as follows:

1st: High Elf Mage

2nd: Ogre (warrior not monster)

3rd, 4th, & 5th: Norscan Berserker,  Kislevite Shaman (Crow), & Treeman (Summon)

6th, 7th, & 8th: Kislevite Shaman (Wolf), Dryads (Summons), and Faerie (Summon). 

 

High Elf Mage. This model is the older model for Teclis and I found the STL on telegram.

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High Elf Mage Paint:

Skin: "Kislev Flesh" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash

Metal Bitz: "Gehenna's Gold" & "Ironebreaker" Silver both /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash

Cape & Hat:  "Sotek Green" /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash

Robes: "Corax White" dry brushed with "White Scar"

Gems: "Emperor's Children" Pink

Tassels:  "Xereus Purple"














Next up Ogre warrior! This guy is the Ogre Bodyguard from Mordheim. I found the STL on telegram.

Ogre Paint:

Skin: "Kislev Flesh" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash

Metal Bitz: "Ironebreaker" Silver /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash

Rope & Basket:  "Flash Gitz Yellow" /w "Agrax Earthshade Wash"

Vest:  "Mephiston Red" /w "Agrax Earthshade Wash" 

Shirt: "XV-88"  /w "Agrax Earthshade Wash"

Axe handle, Belts, & Leather Cap: "Catachan Flesh" /w "Agrax Earthshade Wash"

Jeans: "Kantor Blue" drybrushed over with "Sotek Green"

Bag covering Basket: "Abaddon Black"  drybrushed over with "Administratum Grey"










Norscan Berserker. Not sure where this class originates, GW supplement? Fan Made? no clue. But we have it as one of our 30 finished Warrior Classes for Black Hills Warhammer Quest. As far as I know there was never an official model. So I spent time digging, I wanted something that was GW if possible and was distinct from the Barbarian model. The model I ended up choosing is from a current GW product, Darkaoth Savage Warcry Warband. I liked the one wielding a 2 handed axe. I was able to find the whole group as STLs on telegram.

 

Berserker Paint:

Skin: "Kislev Flesh" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash

Metal Bitz: "Gehenna's Gold" & "Ironebreaker" Silver both /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash

Rope & Basket:  "Flash Gitz Yellow" /w "Agrax Earthshade Wash"

Hair:  "Trollslayer Orange" /w "Agrax Earthshade Wash" 

Loin-cloth: "Corax White" dry brushed with "White Scar"

Leather Straps & Kilt: "XV-88" /w "Agrax Earthshade Wash"

Fur on Boots: "Administratum Grey" dry brushed with "White Scar"

Boots: "Administratum Grey" /w "Templar Black" Wash 

Leather on Axe handle: "Mephiston Red" /w "Agrax Earthshade Wash"

Wood Axe handle: "Catachan Flesh"

Gem on Belt: "Sotek Green"
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 Kislevite Shaman, comes in two versions, a combat wizard (wolf) or more full wizard with more powerful casting abilities (Crow). When GW released the supplemental rules for this class, they didn't make new models, they just repurposed some existing Empire Wizards. Amber Wizard for Wolf, and Grey Wizard for Crow. I found both STLs for these old school empire wizards on Telegram.

Shaman (Crow) Paint:

Skin: "Kislev Flesh" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash

Metal Bitz: "Gehenna's Gold" & "Ironebreaker" Silver both /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash

Cloak, Hat, & Feathers:  "Kantor Blue" /w "Agrax Earthshade Wash"

Hair & Beard: "Corax White" dry brushed with "White Scar"

Under-robes:  "Administratum Grey" /w "Agrax Earthshade Wash"

Skulls: "Screaming Skull" /w "Skeleton Horde" wash

Staff: "Catachan Flesh"

Boots: "Abaddon Black" 

Shaman (Wolf) Paint:

Skin: "Kislev Flesh" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash

Metal Bitz: "Ironebreaker" Silver  /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash

Hair Braids:  "Flash Gitz Yellow" /w "Agrax Earthshade Wash"

Polar Bear Furs:  "Corax White" dry brushed with "White Scar"

Spear Head: "Administratum Grey" /w "Agrax Earthshade Wash"

Spear Pole:  "Catachan Flesh"

Leather Boots & Under-Cloak: "XV-88" /w "Agrax Earthshade Wash"

Skulls: "Screaming Skull" /w "Skeleton Horde" wash

Leather Wraps on Spear, Arm band, Kilt: "Mephiston Red"  /w "Agrax Earthshade Wash"

 

When our group (Black Hills Warhammer Quest) re-wrote the rules, we made a ton of changes. I don't really even know how the original Druid worked. I'm pretty sure we added summoning that it didn't have. If it summons monsters, it unsummons any it currently has. So at most it can have one Faerie, or it can have up to 4 Dryads, or it can have a Treeman. Each summon is a different spell that must be learned in the same way as other spells, and each has its own power cost. Summon Treeman is limited to once per adventure. Like NPCs, if a summon reaches 0 wounds it dies instantly, no chance to heal it from zero before its gone. 

Treeman got the most votes of the Druid Summons, so lets show him off first. This is one of two generic Treeman models from years long past. I found this STL on Telegram.

Treeman Paint:

Light Wood: "XV-88" /w "Agrax Earthshade Wash"

Dark Wood: "Catachan Flesh" by brushed over with mix (50/50 Catachan Flesh & White Scar")

Birch (or paper) Tree Wood: "Corax White" /w "Soulblight Grey" wash

Green Bark:  "Warpstone Glow" /w "Agrax Earthshade Wash"

Teeth & Claws:  "Screaming Skull" /w "Skeleton Horde" wash

Foliage: "Moot Green" dry brushed over with mix (50/50 Moot Green and White Scar")

Armpit Mushrooms: "Emporer's Children" Pink  /w "Agrax Earthshade Wash" then dry brushed over with mix (50/50 Emperor's Children Pink and White Scar)

Mouth, Eyes, & Nose: "Black Templar" Wash
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dryads for Druid Summons. These are the old school "log" dryads instead of the newer "twig" dryads that are a lot skinnier. These were again found on Telegram.

Dryad Paint:

Light Wood: "XV-88" /w "Agrax Earthshade Wash"

Dark Wood: "Catachan Flesh" by brushed over with mix (50/50 Catachan Flesh & White Scar")

Teeth & Claws:  "Screaming Skull" /w "Skeleton Horde" wash

Foliage: "Moot Green" dry brushed over with mix (50/50 Moot Green and White Scar")


 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Faerie for Druid summons. I figured at first I would have to leave GW to find a small Faerie STL. The issue here is I found none. Nothing that would work. Then I remembered the old school "Ariel, Mage Queen of Loren" model. With some work, I could make her work. First I removed the staff and closed that hand. Then I put her aloft on a stand like I did with the Giant Bats. Then printed it. This didn't work. I had made her about half the size of the model pictured below and it printed poorly. So I went back in, increased the size of the whole model, then increased the arms, head, and hair by about 30% more. This printed much better. Again Telegram helped me find this STL. (Elf in pictures for scale only)


Faerie Paint:

Skin: "Kislev Flesh" /w "Skeleton Horde" Wash

Metal Bitz: "Gehenna's Gold"  /w "Agrax Earthshade" Wash

Hair Braids:  "Flash Gitz Yellow" /w "Agrax Earthshade Wash"

Cloak: "Warpstone Glow" (Slap-chopped over Scar White)

Wings: Mostly covered with "Slayer Orange" then added "Mephiston Red" & "Sotek Green" spots. Then used "Abaddon Black" to define edges. Lastly added tiny dots of  "White Scar".

Stand: "Aboddon Black" 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Now that we have all the  Druid Summons, lets see them together with their summoner.


 

This puts me to 24 of our 30 Warrior classes painted. The other 6 still need 3D printed first. So lets do a group picture!

Back row: Kislevite Shaman, Norscan Berserker, High Elf Mage, Ogre
Next row: Lord of Anerion, Bounty Hunter, Druid, Swashbuckler
Next row: Outlaw, War Dancer, Warrior Priest, Chaos Warrior, Elf Bard
Next row: Bretonian Knight, Dwarf Slayer, Pit Fighter, Witch Hunter, Imperial Noble
Front row: Dwarf Brewmaster, Barbarian, Dwarf, Elf, Wizard, Halfling Thief

I have 5 Summons for the Shaman to paint, 2 Wereforms for the Shaman to paint (missing 3rd Wereform), 4 Chaos Warrior with marks to paint, & 3 Amazon companions to paint. This makes for a total of 14 models I can paint, before catching up to all models I have printed so far.
 
The six classes I need to print off are: Amazon, Assassin, Chainsaw Warrior, Dwarf Runesmith, Ex-BloodBowl Player, & Elf Ranger.
 

I'm up to 31 Warriors & Pals painted, 45 are 3D printed of the 72 needed as of 10/27/25. 

That's all for this post, may your lantern always stay lit.


DeMagic Tutor out.



Doorways, Closed Doors, Porticullis, & Collapsed Doorways.

  So I got distracted by the idea of better doorways. The doorways I've been using are an STL that exists online for free from multiple ...